Nomenclature
Short Name:
Haspin
Full Name:
Serine-threonine-protein kinase Haspin
Alias:
- EC 2.7.11.1
- Germ cell-specific gene 2 protein
- Haploid germ cell-specific nuclear protein kinase
- GSG2
- HASP
Classification
Type:
Protein-serine/threonine kinase
Group:
Other
Family:
Haspin
SubFamily:
NA
Structure
Mol. Mass (Da):
88495
# Amino Acids:
798
# mRNA Isoforms:
2
mRNA Isoforms:
88,495 Da (798 AA; Q8TF76); 33,850 Da (314 AA; Q8TF76-2)
4D Structure:
NA
1D Structure:
3D Image (rendered using PV Viewer):
PDB ID
Subfamily Alignment
Domain Distribution:
| Start | End | Domain |
|---|---|---|
| 484 | 797 | Pkinase |
Post-translation Modifications
For detailed information on phosphorylation of this kinase go to PhosphoNET
Serine phosphorylated:
S58, S93+, S108, S140, S143+, S147, S151, S216, S220, S251, S287, S288, S340, S366, S387, S389.
Threonine phosphorylated:
T97, T110, T112, T128, T191, T253, T289, T373.
Distribution
Based on gene microarray analysis from the NCBI
Human Tissue Distribution
% Max Expression:
Mean Expression:
Number of Samples:
Standard Deviation:
% Max Expression:
Mean Expression:
Number of Samples:
Standard Deviation:
100
1462
9
1168
0.3
5
4
7
-
-
-
-
3
46
26
26
25
361
13
330
1.3
19
9
7
0.8
11
13
7
0.3
4
3
3
0.4
6
3
1
5
79
27
53
0.3
5
3
3
51
751
9
560
-
-
-
-
0.2
3
3
0
0.3
5
3
2
0.8
11
5
9
0.8
12
7
16
0.3
4
3
2
8
114
21
61
27
391
31
245
0.2
3
3
1
0.1
2
3
0
-
-
-
-
3
41
3
4
1.2
18
3
4
33
484
19
483
0.5
7
3
1
0.1
2
3
0
0.1
2
3
1
24
357
14
103
48
707
12
68
4
59
11
68
0.2
3
12
0
48
707
26
609
12
177
22
91
Evolution
Species Conservation
PhosphoNET % Identity:
PhosphoNET % Similarity:
Homologene %
Identity:
PhosphoNET % Identity:
PhosphoNET % Similarity:
Homologene %
Identity:
100
100
100
98.6
99.1
99
92.3
95
92
-
-
72
-
-
88
73.2
80.7
74.5
-
-
-
61.9
73.1
64
62.7
72.8
66
-
-
-
-
-
-
42.5
57.7
42
-
-
60
36.2
47.7
-
-
-
-
26.3
43
40
21.3
37.8
-
23.2
40.1
-
30.1
47.1
-
-
-
-
26.1
39.5
-
-
-
-
26.2
40.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
For a wider analysis go to PhosphoNET Evolution in PhosphoNET
Regulation
Activation:
NA
Inhibition:
NA
Synthesis:
NA
Degradation:
NA
Known Upstream Kinases
For further details on these substrates click on the Substrate Short Name or UniProt ID. Phosphosite Location is hyperlinked to PhosphoNET
predictions.
Based on in vitro and/or in vivo phosphorylation data
| Kinase Short Name | UniProt ID (Human) | Phosphosite Location | Phosphosite Sequence | Effect of Phosphorylation |
|---|
Known Downstream Substrates
For further details on these substrates click on the Substrate Short Name or UniProt ID. Phosphosite Location is hyperlinked to PhosphoNET
predictions.
Based on in vitro and/or in vivo phosphorylation data
| Substrate Short Name | UniProt ID (Human) | Phosphosite Location | Phosphosite Sequence | Effect of Phosphorylation |
|---|
Protein Kinase Specificity
Matrix of observed frequency (%) of amino acids in aligned protein substrate phosphosites
Matrix Type:
Predicted from the application of the Kinexus Kinase Substrate Predictor Version 2.0 algorithm, which was trained with over 10,000 kinase-protein substrate pairs and 8,000 kinase-peptide substrate pairs.
Domain #:
1
Inhibitors
For further details on these inhibitors click on the Compound Name and enter it into DrugKiNET or click on the ID's
Based on in vitro and/or in vivo phosphorylation data
| Compound Name | KD, Ki or IC50 (nM) | PubChem ID | ChEMBL ID | PubMed ID |
|---|
Disease Linkage
General Disease Association:
Respiratory disorders
Specific Diseases (Non-cancerous):
Rhinotracheitis
Comments:
Rhinotracheitis is an upper respiratory disease characterized by the inflammation in the nasal cavities and trachea. The cause of the inflammation is feline herpes virus 1, which can be found in cats (particularly young kittens) and transmitted to humans. Symptoms of the disease commonly include sneezing, conjunctivitis, and increased nasal discharges.
Comments:
in general in human cancers,Haspin is up-regulated about 1.8-times the rate observed for most protein kinases.
Gene Expression in Cancers:
TranscriptoNET (www.transcriptonet.ca) analysis with mRNA expression data retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which was normalized against 60 abundantly and commonly found proteins, indicated altered expression for this protein kinase as shown here as the percent change from normal tissue controls (%CFC) as supported with the Student T-test in human Ovary adenocarcinomas (%CFC= +193, p<0.004). The COSMIC website notes an up-regulated expression score for Haspin in diverse human cancers of 828, which is 1.8-fold of the average score of 462 for the human protein kinases. The down-regulated expression score of 32 for this protein kinase in human cancers was 0.5-fold of the average score of 60 for the human protein kinases.
Mutagenesis Experiments:
Insertional mutagenesis studies in mice have not yet revealed a role for this protein kinase in mouse cancer oncogenesis.
Mutation Rate in All Cancers:
Percent mutation rates per 100 amino acids length in human cancers: 0.04 % in 24691 diverse cancer specimens. This rate is -45 % lower than the average rate of 0.075 % calculated for human protein kinases in general.
Mutation Rate in Specific Cancers:
Highest percent mutation rates per 100 amino acids length in human cancers: 0.16 % in 864 skin cancers tested; 0.15 % in 603 endometrium cancers tested; 0.14 % in 1270 large intestine cancers tested; 0.12 % in 710 oesophagus cancers tested; 0.11 % in 575 stomach cancers tested; 0.09 % in 548 urinary tract cancers tested; 0.07 % in 1512 liver cancers tested; 0.03 % in 2082 central nervous system cancers tested; 0.02 % in 1634 lung cancers tested; 0.01 % in 881 prostate cancers tested.
Frequency of Mutated Sites:
Most frequent mutations with the number of reports indicated in brackets: R82C (18).
Comments:
Only 6 deletions, 2 insertions and no complex mutations are noted on the COSMIC website.